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CITIES
| Name | Population |
|---|---|
| Marseille | 850 000 |
| Aix-en-Provence | 150 000 |
| Nîmes | 150 000 |
| Avignon | 90 000 |
| Arles | 50 000 |
Marseille
Population 850 000
Founded around 600 BC by Greek sailors from Phocaea, Marseille, then called Massalia, quickly became a city shaped by the sea and by trade. Its port soon turned into the symbol of that maritime and commercial identity, open to the whole Mediterranean.
In the 2nd century BC, the Romans stepped into the region at the request of the people of Marseille, to protect them from raids by Celto Ligurian groups. They then founded Aquae Sextiae, present day Aix en Provence, which marked the beginning of a lasting Roman presence. But during the civil war between Caesar and Pompey, Marseille sided with Pompey. After his defeat, the city was forced to submit to Rome, which absorbed it into Transalpine Gaul, then into Gallia Narbonensis under Emperor Augustus.
At the beginning of the 5th century, the monk John Cassian founded two monastic communities, including Saint Victor, which played a major spiritual role. In spite of the unrest of the early Middle Ages, with invasions and periods of insecurity, Marseille experienced a revival around the year 1000 thanks to the influence of this abbey. The port became active again, taking part in Mediterranean trade and also in the Crusades.
The city still kept its reputation for being independent and unruly. In the 13th century, popular revolts even led religious authorities to place Marseille under interdict, and during a second uprising they went as far as excommunicating its population. The viscounts of Marseille held on for a long time to a high degree of autonomy from the counts of Provence. It was only in the middle of the 15th century, that the city’s strategic importance as a naval base was fully recognized.
When Provence was attached to the Kingdom of France in 1481, Aix was chosen as the regional capital. Marseille then remained on the edge of provincial power and saw itself above all as a Mediterranean city, more focused on the sea than on the inland areas.
Even today, that maritime and cosmopolitan identity still deeply shapes the city. The Old Port, Marseille’s historic and symbolic heart, remains a lively place to walk around, where a fish market is held every morning.
Not far from there, the Panier district, a real village in the middle of the city, shows the mix of people that has defined Marseille for centuries. Its narrow streets, squares, and historic buildings reflect a rich urban heritage, despite the destruction it suffered during the Second World War.
The city also shows strong cultural energy. Modern institutions like the Mucem, with its openwork concrete architecture overlooking the harbor, symbolize Marseille’s ability to renew itself while still highlighting its Mediterranean heritage. Facing it, the reconstruction of Cosquer Cave, the famous prehistoric site discovered off the Calanques, reminds you that human history in the region goes back thousands of years.
Between ancient heritage, popular traditions, and cultural renewal, Marseille stands out as one of Provence’s main gateways to the Mediterranean, a city whose history and identity remain inseparable from the sea and from exchange.
Aix-en-Provence
Population 150 000
Aix en Provence, the elegant historic capital of Provence, draws you in with its refined atmosphere and rich heritage. The city goes all the way back to Antiquity, it was founded by the Romans, who set up a thermal town there. That tradition of hot springs is still alive today with the Thermes Sextius, fed by a natural spring at around 34°C, and built on the site of former Roman baths dating from the 1st century BC.
Over the centuries, Aix established itself as a city of culture and power. Under the rule of King René in the 15th century, the city became an important artistic and intellectual centre, the court attracted many artists and helped spread the city’s influence across Provence.
Even today, the old town reflects that prestigious history. As you walk through it, you find a maze of old streets lined with magnificent mansions, among them some fine examples of aristocratic architecture from the 17th and 18th centuries.
Aix en Provence is not only focused on its past, though. The city has also modernised itself with the development of the Sextius Mirabeau district, which links the old town to a contemporary urban area filled with shops and cultural spaces. This transformation shows Aix’s determination to stay lively while still highlighting its historic heritage.
So, between its ancient heritage, elegant mansions, museums, and modern districts, Aix en Provence gives you the image of a city where history and culture are closely intertwined, while still keeping a truly Provençal atmosphere.
Nîmes
Population 150 000
Set right on the edge of Provence and Languedoc, Nîmes is one of those French cities where the Roman past really hits you. It used to be a wealthy Roman colony, and it has kept an exceptional group of monuments that show just how important it was in Roman Gaul. Even today, the city fully embraces that historical heritage, while still feeling lively and pleasant to walk around.
The city’s most iconic monument is probably the Arenas of Nîmes, one of the best preserved Roman amphitheaters in the world. Built at the end of the 1st century, they could hold thousands of spectators who came to watch gladiator fights and public shows. Their elliptical shape and beautifully preserved seating still give you a very clear sense of how grand Roman entertainment used to be. The building is still at the heart of the city’s cultural life, with shows and events taking place there on a regular basis.
Another ancient gem is the Maison Carrée, one of the best preserved Roman temples anywhere. Built at the beginning of the 1st century, it stands out for the harmony of its proportions and the elegance of its Corinthian columns. This temple, dedicated to the heirs of Emperor Augustus, shows the prestige the city enjoyed in Roman times and remains a masterpiece of ancient architecture.
You can also see the Tour Magne there, a surviving part of the Roman fortifications that overlooks the city and gives you a beautiful view of Nîmes and the surrounding area.
Beyond its monuments, Nîmes also has that unmistakable southern atmosphere, with lively squares, café terraces, markets, and local traditions. With its rich ancient past, the city is a must see if you want to understand Roman history in Provence and in the south of France.
Avignon
Population 90 000
The city is world famous because of its papal past. Between 1309 and 1376, seven popes followed one another in Avignon after leaving Rome, which was then shaken by major political and religious unrest. The arrival of the papal court completely transformed the city, and Avignon became one of the main religious and political centres of medieval Europe. It was during this period that work began on the first papal palace, with construction starting in 1335 under the third pope.
That time was Avignon’s golden age. Around the papal court, you would have found cardinals, diplomats, artists, and merchants. The city grew richer and richer, with many buildings, palaces, and grand townhouses going up, all reflecting the power and prestige of the Church at the time. On the opposite bank of the Rhône, in Villeneuve lès Avignon, wealthy cardinals also settled in large residences known as cardinal palaces, another clear sign of the influence of the papal court.
Even today, Avignon still carries the mark of that exceptional past. Its historic centre, enclosed by ramparts, overlooks the Rhône and is organised around the famous Palace of the Popes.
The city is also known for its lively cultural atmosphere, especially during the famous theatre festival in July, which attracts thousands of visitors and artists every year.
With its monumental heritage, lively little streets, and Provençal way of life, Avignon remains one of the most emblematic cities in the region. For you, it is a place where the historical greatness of Provence meets the energy of its cultural life today.
Arles
Population 50 000
Set right at the gateway to the Camargue and along the Rhône river, Arles is a city deeply shaped by its history and by that very special Provençal light. Beaten by the mistral wind, warmed by the sun, and weathered by the centuries, it still has a remarkably beautiful old center where pale stone and terracotta rooftops stand out everywhere. As you wander through its narrow streets, quiet little squares, and elegant facades, the city can sometimes feel a bit like Rome, but above all, it makes you want to slow down and just stroll around.
Arles goes all the way back to Antiquity, when the city, then known as Arelate, supported Julius Caesar during the civil war against Pompey. As a reward, it was granted a vast territory and privileged access to the sea, and the city quickly became one of the great Roman ones in the region. Emperors such as Augustus and Constantine helped it grow, and the remains you can still see today, especially the arena and the forum, are clear signs of that ancient prosperity. Its strategic position meant it could control access to the Rhône Valley and serve as a key hub for trade and movement.
Arles was also an important religious center very early in Christian history. According to tradition, the city was evangelized as early as the 3rd century by Saint Trophimus. Archaeological discoveries, especially those of one of the city’s earliest churches from the 4th century in the Hauture district, show just how old that Christian presence is. The city even became the seat of the Primate of Gaul and hosted several church councils, which encouraged the building of many churches and gave rise to a rich religious heritage.
Even today, Arles still charms you with its unique atmosphere and with the harmony between its ancient monuments, its medieval heritage, and its old neighborhoods. Walking through the city means moving from one history filled place to another, from the arena to the town hall, past 17th century mansions and the cloister of Saint Trophime. Together, they create a city with a very distinctive character, where the past is everywhere and where you really enjoy getting lost in the streets.
TOWNS
| Name |
|---|
| Uzès |
| Beaucaire |
| Tarascon |
| Orange |
| Vaison-la-Romaine |
| Carpentras |
| Isle-sur-la-Sorgue |
| Martigues |
| La Ciotat |
| Manosque |
Beaucaire
Set on the banks of the Rhône, opposite Tarascon, Beaucaire has long held a strategic position. This historic town, shaped by trade and Mediterranean influences, grew around a major river port and a rich architectural heritage.
The old center still has a very strong medieval feel. Its narrow, winding streets show how the town was originally laid out, while several grand townhouses reflect Beaucaire’s former prosperity. Some of these buildings had their golden age when the town was a busy trading hub on the Rhône. You can discover this urban heritage as you wander through picturesque lanes and lively squares lined with beautifully decorated historic buildings.
The town’s commercial history is closely tied to the river. For a long time, Beaucaire was an important trading center, making the most of navigation on the Rhône to connect northern Europe with Mediterranean regions. This trading activity helped enrich the town and shape its urban landscape, which still bears the marks of that prosperity today.
Today, Beaucaire is still an interesting stop for travelers who want to understand the history of river towns in the south of France. Between its medieval remains, history filled streets, and southern atmosphere, the town has kept a distinctive identity.
Tarascon
Situated right by the Rhône River and at the gateway to the Alpilles mountains, Tarascon is a Provençal town marked by a rich historical heritage and by traditions that are deeply rooted in the local culture. It is especially associated with the famous legend of the Tarasque, a mythical monster that, according to tradition, Saint Martha defeated. Even today, this story is at the heart of the town’s identity and inspires large popular celebrations.
The most emblematic monument in Tarascon is without a doubt its imposing castle. Built between 1400 and 1435. The building blends Gothic and Renaissance styles and impresses you with its façades pierced with mullioned windows, and its noble residential spaces.
When you visit the castle, you first walk into the large main courtyard and then into the medicinal garden. The seigneurial apartments, which you reach through an elegant spiral staircase, occupy two levels facing the Rhône and still preserve beautiful coffered ceilings. From the terraces, you get a wide view over the Rhône valley and the surrounding Provençal landscapes, stretching as far as Mont Ventoux and the nearby abbeys.
Throughout the year, the town comes alive with several events. The most famous is the Tarasque festival, held on the last weekend of June. Established in 1474 to celebrate Saint Martha’s victory over the legendary dragon, this festival features the Tarasque and the character of Tartarin parading through the streets in a festive atmosphere with bull shows, bodegas, and fireworks. Other events also mark the cultural life of the town, such as a flower market in spring, a world music festival in August, and a Christmas and santon market in winter.
With its medieval heritage, lively popular traditions, and Provençal legends, Tarascon offers a unique stop in Provence, where history and folklore are closely intertwined.
Orange
Orange is a Provençal town shaped by an exceptional Roman heritage and a history closely tied to the Principality of Orange. For a long time, people saw it as a slightly sleepy town, but it has gradually come back to life thanks to the renovation of its houses and the creation of pedestrian areas that have brought new energy to its old center. Today, Orange draws you in just as much for its historic atmosphere as for its famous cultural events.
Orange is best known first of all for its ancient Roman theatre, one of the most impressive Roman monuments in Provence. What makes this theatre especially remarkable is that it has kept its stage wall, something unique among the ancient theatres known today. This architectural legacy shows just how rich the Roman presence in the region was, leaving behind many monuments such as amphitheatres, baths, and monumental arches.
Another major symbol of the town is the Arc de Triomphe of Orange, considered one of the finest monuments of Roman Gaul. Built in the 1st century AD, probably in honor of Emperor Augustus, it originally stood outside the city walls on the Agrippa road. In the Middle Ages, the arch was transformed and used as an inhabited tower before being restored. Today, it welcomes visitors at the entrance to the town and reminds you of Orange’s strategic and political importance in Roman times.
Orange is also well known for its cultural events. Every summer, the famous Chorégies take place there, an opera and music festival held in the ancient theatre, whose exceptional acoustics create a unique experience. Other musical and festive events also fill the summer season, such as concerts, jazz evenings, or wine tastings accompanied by music.
Thanks to this combination of Roman history, architectural heritage, and prestigious cultural events, Orange is now an essential stop if you want to discover the ancient heritage and lively atmosphere of Provence.
Vaison-la-Romaine
Situated at the foot of Mont Ventoux and crossed by the Ouvèze River, Vaison-la-Romaine is one of the most remarkable archaeological sites in Provence. The town stands out for the exceptional richness of its ancient and medieval heritage, which shows a continuous history from the Gallo Roman period through the Middle Ages.
The origin of the name reflects the importance of the Roman city that prospered here as early as Antiquity. The first archaeological excavations, started in 1907, uncovered a particularly large and well preserved urban area. Today you can discover a complete panorama of Roman architecture, mainly from the 1st and 2nd centuries, including baths, patrician villas, commercial districts and an ancient theatre. The scale of these remains shows just how prosperous Vaison was during the Roman period.
The religious heritage also shows how historically important the town was. In the 5th and 6th centuries, Vaison hosted important church councils in the history of the Church. In the 12th century, the Counts of Toulouse took control of the city and started building a castle that still dominates the town from the left bank of the Ouvèze. That castle marks the development of the hilltop medieval village, with its narrow streets, old houses and defensive walls.
The modern town gradually expanded onto the other side of the river in the 19th century, as the population grew. Even though it is a popular tourist destination, the town has managed to keep a certain balance and avoid overly intrusive development. Because of that, you can still freely admire the traces of history while enjoying a truly authentic Provençal atmosphere.
Between its ancient ruins, its medieval old village and the landscapes of Mont Ventoux surrounding it, Vaison-la-Romaine offers a unique immersion in several centuries of Provençal history. The layering of these different periods, visible in the architecture and the urban layout of the town, makes this place one of the most impressive examples of the region’s heritage.
Carpentras
Right in the heart of the fertile plain of the Comtat Venaissin, you find Carpentras, a town deeply shaped by history and by Provençal traditions. All around you, there are vegetable crops, orchards, and vineyards, set in a lively farming landscape that is typical of this part of Provence, where the countryside is dense and carefully structured by hedges that protect the crops from the wind.
The town is also part of a region that is famous for its food, especially the truffle, the true black diamond of the area. Provence produces a significant share of it, and the local markets attract enthusiasts who sometimes come from far away to buy some. Among the places where you can find truffles are several well known markets in the Vaucluse, including the one in Carpentras. This truffle tradition also comes with introductions and special stays dedicated to discovering this iconic product in inns and villages nearby.
Thanks to its strategic location between Mont Ventoux, the villages of the Comtat, and the agricultural landscapes of the plain, Carpentras gives you the perfect base for exploring inland Provence. Between heritage, culinary traditions, and cultivated landscapes, the town truly reflects the diversity and authenticity of this Provençal region.
Isle-sur-la-Sorgue
Set right in the heart of the Sorgues region, L’Isle sur la Sorgue is now best known for its antique dealers and second hand sellers. The town is actually home to the second biggest flea market in France, just after Saint Ouen in Paris. That reputation goes back to 1978, when a large antiques village was opened in a former spinning mill, a reminder of the town’s industrial past. Since then, the number of dealers has kept growing. Today, there are more than three hundred of them, offering an amazing range of items, from eighteenth century art to industrial furniture, along with curiosities, antique linens, and garden decor.
The area around the station has become one of the main hubs for this activity, with spaces where antique dealers and enthusiasts meet in a lively atmosphere that welcomes visitors. The idea then spread to other parts of town, like L’Île aux Brocantes, set on a piece of land surrounded by one branch of the Sorgue, and Le Quai de la Gare, which has a more intimate feel. This commercial energy grew alongside the rise of second homes in the nearby Luberon, attracting customers looking for rare objects and that distinctive Provençal charm.
The town also lives to the rhythm of its markets and its many festivals. You can find a traditional market on Thursday mornings and a Provençal market on Sunday mornings, which is considered one of the liveliest in the region. One of the standout events is the floating market, held once a year in summer on one branch of the Sorgue, where goods are sold from decorated boats. All year round, L’Isle sur la Sorgue also hosts popular events, including two major international antiques fairs at Easter and All Saints’ Day, the Festival of Lights in December, and various summer traditions such as Nègo Chin boat races, with their typical local boats, and the flower parade.
Thanks to this unique mix of canals, lively markets, and a commercial heritage devoted to antiques, L’Isle sur la Sorgue has become one of the most distinctive and vibrant destinations in Provence.
Martigues
Set between the Étang de Berre and the Mediterranean, Martigues has a unique charm that often earns it the nickname “the Provençal Venice.” The town is crossed by canals and laid out around several neighbourhoods linked by bridges, with fishing boats moored along quays lined with colourful houses.
The most picturesque part is on the Île, a real little urban island connected to the rest of the town by three bridges. A canal runs through it and creates one of the most photographed spots in Martigues, the Miroir aux Oiseaux, a basin lined with colourful façades whose reflections in the water inspired many painters. The atmosphere there is typically Mediterranean, with boats packed tightly together, lively quays, and quiet little streets that make you want to wander around.
The surrounding area also gives you plenty of opportunities for walks. Between Martigues, Port de Bouc, and Saint Mitre les Remparts, hiking trails run through landscapes that mix sea, lagoons, and vineyards. Some of these routes, known as winegrowers’ trails, even let you discover the local terroir and grape varieties as you go.
With its peaceful canals, colourful façades, artistic heritage, and landscapes full of water and light, Martigues comes across as one of the most charming and distinctive towns in Provence.
La Ciotat
La Ciotat sits at the eastern edge of the Bouches du Rhône department. You find this seaside town tucked at the back of a spectacular bay, between the rugged hills of the Calanques massif and the high cliffs overlooking the Mediterranean.
The drive to the town from Cassis is already an experience. The Route des Crêtes, a spectacular road carved into the cliffs above the sea, runs along the Soubeyranes cliffs, the highest sea cliffs in France. From several viewpoints you can take in the coastline, the islands off Marseille, and the Calanques National Park. Nearby, the semaphore at Bec de l’Aigle gives you a stunning panoramic view over the whole bay of La Ciotat.
If you enjoy hiking, a marked trail starts from the heights between Cassis and La Ciotat and leads down to the town along the Soubeyranes cliffs. The path then heads toward the chapel of Notre Dame de la Garde before descending through the valley to the coast. The walk takes about four hours and lets you fully enjoy the Mediterranean scenery, as long as you bring water, good shoes, and protection from the sun.
When you reach La Ciotat, you discover a town deeply connected to the sea, shaped by its harbor and maritime history. The place charms you with its wide bay, seaside promenades, and relaxed Provençal atmosphere where heritage, water sports, and dramatic landscapes come together.
Between steep cliffs, panoramic trails, and the open horizon of the sea, La Ciotat feels like one of the most beautiful gateways to the Calanques coastline and Mediterranean Provence.
Manosque
Right in the heart of Haute Provence, Manosque has an old town full of character, and it’s absolutely worth taking your time over it. Behind the ring roads that follow the line of the old ramparts, you’ll find a genuinely Provençal old quarter, a real maze of narrow lanes, andrones, those partly covered passageways typical of southern France, and little squares full of charm. Walking through this historic area is the best way for you to discover the soul of the town and its Mediterranean atmosphere.
One of the most iconic features of old Manosque is the Saunerie Gate, which marks one of the city’s historic entrances. Built in the 14th century, it gets its name from the salt warehouses that once stood nearby. Above the gate, you can still see the town’s coat of arms, shown as a shield with four hands. Each hand stands for one of the four medieval districts that made up the town in its earliest days.
As you keep walking, you come to Saint Sauveur Church, which still has a remarkable Baroque organ dating from 1625, as well as a wrought iron campanile from 1725, considered one of the oldest and most finely crafted in Provence. A little further on, you reach Place de l’Hôtel de Ville, a welcoming square dominated by the distinctive façade of the 18th century town hall. Inside, you can admire an elegant staircase and some beautiful plasterwork. On the first floor, there is also a series of watercolours by Louis Denis Valvérane telling the story of Manosque.
So, between its old streets, its history filled monuments, and the traces left by Jean Giono’s life, Manosque gives you a fascinating immersion into Provençal identity. Strolling through its historic centre lets you fully appreciate the cultural and architectural richness of this emblematic town in Haute Provence.
SMALL TOWNS (Village Feel)
| Name |
|---|
| Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer |
| Saint-Rémy-de-Provence |
| Villeneuve-lès-Avignon |
| Pernes-les-Fontaines |
| Allauch |
| Cassis |
Uzès
Uzès is one of the most elegant and best preserved towns in the south of France. With its remarkably well preserved historic center, its shaded squares, and its grand townhouses, it perfectly captures the atmosphere of southern towns where history blends with the Provençal art of living.
The heart of the town is organized around a maze of cobbled streets lined with old houses, Renaissance façades, and small artisan shops. When you wander through Uzès, you’re basically walking through several centuries of history, the architectural heritage there is incredibly rich. The town has a remarkable collection of medieval and classical buildings, reminders of its past prosperity.
Among the most iconic landmarks you’ll find the Duchy of Uzès, an imposing fortified complex whose towers rise above the town. This aristocratic residence, still inhabited by the same family for centuries, reminds you that Uzès was the first duchy in France. Not far from there, Saint Théodorit Cathedral stands out with its famous Fenestrelle Tower, a circular bell tower that’s unique in the region.
Local life centers around the Place aux Herbes, the lively heart of the town. Surrounded by arcades and old houses, the square regularly hosts one of the most famous markets in the south, where local produce, the smell of spices, and regional specialties all mix together. The atmosphere feels typically southern, especially on market days when locals and visitors gather in the shade of the plane trees.
Beyond its monuments, Uzès also charms you with its peaceful atmosphere and its authentic character. Café terraces, grand townhouses turned into art galleries, small flower filled streets, and old fountains create a setting that invites you to wander. This gentle way of life, combined with exceptional heritage, makes Uzès one of the most beautiful historic towns you can discover right at the gateway to Provence.
Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer
Located in the Camargue, les Saintes Maries de la Mer is surrounded by wild landscapes where marshes, lagoons and pastures stretch out, and where Camargue bulls and horses roam. The small town is both a place of tradition, spirituality and lively local celebrations.
The main monument is the church of Notre Dame de la Mer. Its appearance reminds you of a fortress, which makes sense when you remember the troubled times when the Mediterranean coasts were not always safe. Inside, the atmosphere is dark and Romanesque, with stones of different colors that give the building a severe and ancient character. In the crypt you find a very venerated statue, Sara the servant, covered with jewelry offered by the faithful. Above it, the upper chapel keeps the reliquaries of the saints. From the roof of the church, you get a wide view over the sea and the flat landscapes of the Camargue.
The village is also famous for its Roma pilgrimage, one of the most striking events in the region. Since the nineteenth century, thousands of traveling families from all over Europe gather here to honor Sara and the two saints. Their statues are carried in procession down to the sea, in an intense and festive atmosphere. After the ceremony, the celebrations continue throughout the village, which turns into a real Roma festival.
Throughout the year, the Saintes Maries de la Mer live to the rhythm of Camargue traditions, local festivals, abrivados in the streets, Camargue bull games in the arena, and events linked to horses or local customs. All these celebrations show a culture that is deeply rooted in the region, where gardians, horses and bulls hold a central place.
Between spirituality, folklore and unique natural landscapes, the Saintes Maries de la Mer offer you a special immersion into the soul of the Camargue, where religious traditions and Camargue culture have been intertwined for centuries.
Saint-Rémy-de-Provence
Right in the heart of the Alpilles mountains, Saint Rémy de Provence is one of the most iconic towns in the region. When you walk around here, you really feel the mix of history, Provençal culture, and those bright landscapes the area is famous for. The town sits in a beautiful natural setting surrounded by the limestone hills of the Alpilles, and it’s also a perfect starting point if you want to explore the area, with its garrigue scrubland, olive groves, and vineyards. If you like hiking or cycling, you’ll find plenty of great routes around here.
When you wander through the old town, you notice that typical Provençal charm right away. There are lively squares, historic buildings, and several museums to explore. The Saint Martin collegiate church stands out above the town, its bell tower dating back to the 14th century. Inside, you can see a remarkable polychrome organ case that’s still used during the Organa festival, which takes place in summer.
The town also has a strong artistic side. At the Estrine Museum, located in an 18th century mansion, you can visit an interpretation center dedicated to Vincent van Gogh, and you’ll often find exhibitions of modern and contemporary art there.
Just outside the town, you’ll find the archaeological site of Glanum itself, which was discovered in the early 20th century. The city was originally founded in the 4th century BC around a sacred spring by a Celto Ligurian population. Later, it was influenced by Greek culture before becoming a prosperous Roman town under Emperor Augustus. Today, the ruins lie in the beautiful natural setting of the Alpilles and tell the story of this ancient city, which eventually disappeared at the end of the 3rd century.
At the entrance to the site, you’ll see the Antiques, a remarkably well preserved triumphal arch and the Mausoleum of the Julii. In Roman times, these monuments marked the entrance to the city, and today they are among the most famous historical symbols of Saint Rémy de Provence.
With its ancient heritage, its Provençal culture, and those bright landscapes that inspired so many artists, Saint Rémy de Provence gives you a perfect glimpse of the spirit of the Alpilles and is definitely one of the must see stops when you travel through Provence.
Villeneuve-lès-Avignon
Located on the right bank of the Rhône, right across from Avignon, Villeneuve lès Avignon marks the transition between Occitanie and Provence. Even though it officially belongs to the Gard department, the town already feels completely Provençal. Set between the river and the hills, it long lived in the shadow of its famous neighbor, overlooked by the Palace of the Popes. But today, the town has regained a strong cultural identity, especially thanks to the transformation of its charterhouse into a center for artistic creation. Its remarkable historical heritage now draws a lot of visitors.
The history of Villeneuve lès Avignon is closely tied to that of Avignon and to the period of the papacy in Provence. Back then, the Rhône was a real border, on one side Avignon, the land of the popes, on the other Villeneuve, which was part of the kingdom of France. That strategic position had a deep impact on the town’s destiny.
In the 14th century, the presence of the popes in Avignon made Villeneuve even more important. Keen to assert royal authority against papal power, the town then became a kind of showcase for French power facing the papal city. It was a prosperous time.
That period was the town’s golden age. Church dignitaries, won over by the calm of the right bank of the Rhône, set up residences and religious institutions there. The famous charterhouse, built around a residence that had belonged to Pope Innocent VI, reflects that architectural and spiritual wealth.
The French Revolution brought an end to that splendor linked to ecclesiastical power. Villeneuve then slipped back into a quieter existence and remained for a long time in Avignon’s shadow. Over time, though, the town managed to preserve its charm and its heritage, and today it has rediscovered a cultural energy and a quality of life that make it so appealing.
So, Villeneuve lès Avignon offers you a fascinating blend of medieval history, papal heritage, and Provençal atmosphere. Facing Avignon, on the other side of the Rhône, it is an essential stop if you want to understand the history and contrasts of this region, shaped by the coexistence of royal and papal power.
Pernes-les-Fontaines
Located in the Vaucluse, not far from Mont Ventoux and L’Isle sur la Sorgue, Pernes les Fontaines is a charming Provençal town, known for its heritage and its peaceful atmosphere. The village is famous for the forty or so fountains scattered through its streets and squares, so much so that there is even a fountain trail that lets you discover them at an easy pace as you walk around the historic centre.
You really should take some time to explore the old heart of Pernes. The village opens up into a maze of little streets where you can hear water murmuring at almost every corner. These many fountains, once essential to everyday life, now give the place its special charm and stay with you all along your walk.
As you go, you can also admire several landmark buildings, the old market hall, the church that was turned into a cultural centre, as well as the Notre Dame gate, with its bridge and chapel. The White Penitents Chapel regularly hosts temporary exhibitions, giving you the chance to discover this historic building from a different angle.
With its historic heritage, elegant architecture, and the constant presence of water, Pernes les Fontaines offers you a gentle and authentic immersion in the soul of Provence, where every walk turns into a new discovery.
Allauch
Just a few kilometers from Marseille, Allauch, pronounced “Allo”, feels like a real Provençal village that has managed to keep its identity, even though it is right next to the big city. People often describe it as a “village Marseille”, because you still get the soul and charm of a traditional village while looking out over the whole metropolis. After only a few bends in the road, you leave behind the urban sprawl of Marseille and find yourself in a landscape of winding little streets, tightly packed houses, and that typical Provençal nativity scene atmosphere.
Allauch is also known for its confectioners and sweet specialties, which keep alive a delicious tradition that visitors really love. As you walk through the old center, you can discover all kinds of local treats, which add to the village’s charm and to its food identity. From up on the heights, the view is stunning, you can take in Marseille, its harbor, and the islands offshore, with one of the most spectacular panoramas over the city and the Mediterranean.
As you walk through the narrow streets, you come across the village church, easy to recognize because of its roof covered with multicolored glazed tiles, which is quite rare in Provence. You can then climb to the top of the hill to reach the ruins of the castle and the chapel of Notre Dame du Château, where you get an exceptional view over the whole region. On the way, you can still spot the postern gate, the old entrance to the medieval fortress.
Local life in Allauch is also brought to life by several traditions and events. One of the most unusual is the Donkey Festival, usually held around mid November, where people celebrate old trades and the breeding of donkeys and mules. At Christmas time, the town also hosts a famous nativity scene made up of hundreds of santons, the little traditional Provençal figurines, along with the spectacular Descent of the Shepherds, a staging of the Nativity followed by a nighttime procession to midnight mass.
With its Provençal heritage, remarkable views, and still very lively traditions, Allauch gives you the image of an authentic village at the gates of Marseille, where you can really feel all the atmosphere and gentle way of life of Provence.
Cassis
Tucked between the Mediterranean Sea and the tall limestone cliffs of the Calanques massif, Cassis is one of the most iconic places on the Provençal coast. This small fishing port, just east of Marseille, grabs your attention right away with its spectacular natural setting, on one side the turquoise waters of the Mediterranean, on the other the steep relief dominated by Cap Canaille and the wild landscapes of the calanques.
The heart of the village is built around its charming harbor, lined with lively quays, café terraces, and restaurants. This is where you really feel the Mediterranean atmosphere of Cassis, colorful fishing boats, pastel facades, and that relaxed Provençal way of life. The harbor is also the starting point for many excursions to the calanques, those deep rocky inlets that are among the most spectacular landscapes on the Mediterranean coast.
Nature plays a central role in Cassis’ identity. The calanques plunge straight down into the sea and are home to impressive cliffs and particularly rich underwater ecosystems. This rugged coastline is considered one of the birthplaces of modern scuba diving, and it is also where underwater archaeology began to develop, especially through the explorations of Jacques Yves Cousteau and his companions.
Beyond its exceptional maritime setting, Cassis also has a long winemaking tradition. The vineyards surrounding the village have been producing renowned wines for generations, especially Cassis white wine, appreciated for its freshness and Mediterranean character. Some winegrowing families have worked these lands for several generations, their plots overlooking the sea and climbing the slopes around Cap Canaille.
Between sea, cliffs, and vineyards, Cassis perfectly captures the spirit of coastal Provence. At the same time a seaside resort, a village full of character, and the gateway to the calanques, it offers you a unique blend of grand landscapes, local heritage, and Mediterranean art de vivre.
La Cadière-d'Azur
Perched on top of a hill overlooking the vineyards of Bandol and the Mediterranean, La Cadière d’Azur is one of those Provençal villages that feels like it’s hanging somewhere between the sea and the hills. Even getting there is already a show in itself, the roads wind through the vineyards and the terraced slopes before revealing this medieval village, surrounded by that bright, typically Mediterranean landscape.
The heart of the village has kept a really strong old world feel. The ramparts, leftovers from medieval times, remind you that La Cadière d’Azur was once a strategic lookout point over the coast. Inside, a maze of narrow cobbled streets invites you to wander around. The vaulted passageways, the stone houses with their colourful shutters, and the little shaded squares create a peaceful and authentic atmosphere. All around, you get viewpoints opening onto the surrounding countryside, with wide panoramas over the vineyards and hills, stretching all the way to the sea.
The village is closely tied to wine growing. The surrounding area is part of the prestigious Bandol terroir, famous for its powerful and aromatic wines. So the landscape around it is dotted with wine estates and cellars that show just how old this tradition is. The presence of the vineyards plays a huge part in the identity of La Cadière d’Azur, and it also explains the gentle, rural feel of the area.
Even though it’s close to the Var coastline and the seaside resorts, La Cadière d’Azur has managed to keep its quiet charm. The village gives you a really nice contrast with the bustle of the coast, here, you mostly come to stroll around, enjoy the views, and discover a more traditional side of Provence. Between medieval heritage, vineyard landscapes, and open views over the Mediterranean, La Cadière d’Azur perfectly captures the balance between land and sea that defines this part of Provence.
Cotignac
Altitude 240m (790ft)
To Coast 45km (28mi)
Label ✔️
Tucked at the bottom of a valley beneath a dramatic tuff cliff, the town center of Cotignac feels like a dream of a southern village. Surrounded by vineyards, pines, and olive trees, it charms you with its easygoing vibe, shady squares, old fountains, and warm-colored facades. The village stretches along the base of a huge rock dotted with troglodyte caves.
It stayed off the radar for a long time, the road didn’t even reach it until the 19th century, and that helped Cotignac hold onto a rare sense of authenticity. Its name comes from the quince fruit.
The heart of the village beats around cours Gambetta, lined with centuries-old plane trees and centered around a fountain. On Tuesdays, when the market is on, it’s full of life. It’s also the cultural hotspot of the village. The old chapel of the White Penitents has been turned into La Falaise art center, hosting modern art shows every summer.
Over on Place de la Mairie square, topped by a lovely little bell tower, you’ll see arcaded houses, old facades, and artists’ studios. And if you head down the Grande-Rue, keep an eye out for the 17th-century caryatids, stone statues that once showed off the social status of the families who lived there.
Cotignac is truly one of a kind, a place where nature, history, and modern life all come together in harmony.
Food Market Tuesday mornings
⚙️ Info (Tourist Office Website)
OTHER THINGS TO DO IN PROVENCE
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Things to Do in Ansouis Village
Things to Do in Baux-de-Provence Village
Things to Do in Bonnieux Village
Things to Do in Camargue Natural Park
Things to Do in Cucuron Village
Things to Do in Gordes Village
Things to Do in Isle-sur-la-Sorgue Town
Things to Do in Lacoste Village
Things to Do in Lourmarin Village
Things to Do in Marseille City
Things to Do in Ménerbes Village
Things to Do in Oppède Village
Things to Do in Roussillon Village
Things to Do in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence Town
Things to Do in Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer Town (Camargue)